Chapter+Questions

Chapter 9 Review and Reflect (Question handout) A. True False False
 * D
 * B

B.
 * 1) Student answers will vary - see page 132
 * 2) program goals
 * 3) Space must be available for the item purchased. If space is not available the item may end up in an inconvenient location and seldom used.
 * 4) If there is a shortage of materials, undesirable behavior can result.
 * 5) spectator
 * 6) Physical age is determined by a birthdate. Developmental age refers to a child's skill and growth level compared to what is thought of as normal for that physical age.
 * 7) Suitable toys help build self-esteem. Unsuitable toys can cause frustration.
 * 8) Multicultural toys represent a variety of racial and ethnic groups. Ex: hand puppets of various ethnic groups.
 * 9) Student answers will vary - list three
 * 10) rings - if between 5 and 10 inches in diameter can trap a child's head; wooden swing set - can injure a child who might walk into its path; screws and bolts - can scratch or cut children
 * 11) resilient tiles, wood mulch, fine sand, fine gravel, bark
 * 12) A consumable supply is an item that, once used, cannot be used again.

Activity: See table 9-8, page 139 in text

Chapter 8 Review and Reflect (Question handout)


 * 1) Providing a physically safe environment for children; providing children with areas for cognitive, emotional, social and physical growth; providing adults with a space that is easy to watch; providin space that is pleasing to the eye for both adults and children; providing easy access to materials when needed so children are able to direct themselves; encouraging children to take part in activities
 * 2) An isolation area is a room or space for children who becom ill or who show signs of a communicable disease.
 * 3) height
 * 4) cubbie
 * 5) yellow
 * 6) limits
 * 7) various answers - see text pages 117-118
 * 8) Yes. Too much open space encourages children to run. This can be the cause of many problems.
 * 9) traffic patterns
 * U, L
 * 1) music, woodworking, blockbuilding, dramatic play
 * 2) loose material suc as bark, or sand
 * 1) loose material suc as bark, or sand
 * 1) loose material suc as bark, or sand

Chapter 5 Review and Reflect


 * 1) See student response - p.67-68, and appendix
 * 2) false
 * 3) more
 * 4) Feeding-in is a strategy where you provide the child's language. Expansion is accomplished by reframing the child's utterance into a sentence.
 * B
 * 1) Two-year-olds tend to express their anger physically through temper tantrums that may include screaming, and kicking.
 * 2) Two-year-olds have a tendency to dawdle, and they insist on doing things at their own pace.
 * 3) true
 * 4) See student response - p. 74-75
 * 5) Three
 * 6) Three-year-olds have improved coordination, so they are less likely than two-year-olds to become frustrated due to lack of ability. Also, three-year-olds have improved language skills, so they can better understand reasons for what is happening around them.

October 15th Chapter 4 Review and Reflect (page 65)
 * 1) physical development [[image:http://s.bebo.com/app-image/7931191064/5411656627/PROFILE/i.quizzaz.com/img/q/u/08/04/05/cartoon_baby.jpg width="167" height="149" caption="external image cartoon_baby.jpg"]]
 * 2) false
 * 3) cephalocaudal principle: the child first gains control of the head, then the arms, then the legs. Primciple of proximodistal development: the spinal cord develops before outer parts of the body. Maturation: a sequence of biological changes in the brain, nervous system, and other areas of a child's body that must occur befor children can gain certain skills.
 * 4) true
 * 5) crawling requires mainly arm strength, while creeping requires arm and leg strength. According to the cephalocaudal principle, the arms develop before the legs.
 * C
 * 1) various answers - pages 59-60
 * 2) deferred imitation
 * 3) two-word phrases used by toddlers
 * 4) passivity: how actively involved a child is with hes or her surroundings. Irritability: the tendency of a child to deel distressed. Activity patterns: levels of movement in children.
 * 5) false
 * 6) various answers

Answers to Rewiew and Reflect : Chapter 3


 * 1) (List three) Information collected is used in planning developmentally appropriate currilulum; individual and classroom problems can often be identified; allows you to identify those children who might have special needs; can find out where children are in their development; can see how each child is progressing in his or her development; information can be useful during parent conferences; helpful in evaluating your program.
 * 2) An initial assessment is made of all children when they enter a program, but ongoing asssessment continues as long as a child remains in a program.
 * B
 * 1) The method chosen depends on the type of behavior you want to assess and the amount of detail you need. It depends on whether the information needs to be collected for one child or for the entire group. The amount of focused attention required by the observer needs to be considered.
 * A, B
 * 1) Anecdotal records do not require charts or special settings. They can be recorded in any setting and require no special training. All you need is paper and a writing tool.
 * 2) rating scale
 * 3) (List one advantage and one disadvantage. Student answers will vary.)
 * 4) photographs, sketches, diagrams
 * 5) (List five. Student response.)
 * 6) (Name three. Student response.)

Answers to Review and Reflect; Chapter 2


 * 1) Family child care
 * 2) true
 * 3) active
 * 4) instances in which children learn to be independant by doing for themselves
 * 5) to strengthen the academic skills of children from low-income homes
 * 6) true
 * 7) full-day, half-day, full-day / alternating day
 * 8) (list 5) respect for the contributions, property, and rights of other children; appreciation of objects of beauty; growth inreative skills; achievement of problem-solving and cognitive skills; development of a positive self-concept; growth in language, social and physical skills; development of positive feelings about school
 * 9) caregivers call their assigned children at home to make sure they have arrived home safely. Children do not go to the caregivers'homes.
 * 10) parent cooperatives
 * 11) to train futur teachers and to serve as a place to conduct research
 * 12) federal, state, or local governments
 * 13) (Student responses will vary)
 * 14) friends
 * 15) A high staff turnover can cause morale problems among teachers. In order to feel secure, children need consistent, predictable care.
 * 16) Being accredited certifies that a set of standards has been met by a child care center. Paerents are assured of a high-quality program for their children.

Answers to the Review and Reflect : Chapter 1


 * 1) Early childhood
 * 2) True
 * 3) positive effects on recruitment, morale, productivity, and absenteeism, as well as positive influences onturnover, public relations, taxes, scheduling, and the quality of the work force.
 * 4) nannies or au pairs
 * 5) liscencing specialists
 * 6) answers will vary - see pages 16-17 in text
 * 7) Those who have this credential have taken courses in childcare education and have demonstrated their ability to work with young children.
 * 8) The arrangement of space and the selection of materials in a classroom has a direct influence on a child's physical, intellectual, emotional and social development. A well designed classroom environment encourages children to explore, experiment, and be creative. It encourages children to interact positively. A poorly designed environment can have to opposite effect.
 * 9) time management
 * 10) NAEYC - National Association for the Education of Young Children
 * 11) false
 * 12) answers will vary - see pages 22-25 of text